The house of Solis Le Clairac of Paris occupied a fascinating position between French luxury perfumery and the glamorous retail culture of pre-Revolutionary Cuba. Beginning around 1932, the perfumes of Solis Le Clairac were exported exclusively to the celebrated El Encanto department store in Havana, creating an unusual commercial bridge between Parisian elegance and Caribbean sophistication. At a time when Havana rivaled New York and Paris as a cosmopolitan destination for fashion, nightlife, and luxury goods, El Encanto became the sole Cuban gateway to these French fragrances. The arrangement suggests not merely a distribution agreement, but a deeply interconnected enterprise, particularly as contemporary accounts indicate that the Solis family itself owned or controlled the famed Havana store.
Founded in 1888 by brothers Bernard and Pepe Solis as a modest fabric shop, El Encanto evolved into one of the most prestigious department stores in Latin America. By 1900, the business expanded after the addition of the Spanish partner Entrialgo, becoming known as “Solis y Cia. Entrialgo El Encanto.” Over the following decades the store transformed into a symbol of refinement and modernity in Havana. Its elegant displays, imported European fashions, perfumes, cosmetics, and luxury accessories attracted Cuba’s elite as well as international visitors arriving during Havana’s golden age. The store was often compared to the grand department stores of Paris and New York, combining French taste with tropical glamour in a uniquely Cuban setting.
Within this environment, the perfumes of Solis Le Clairac likely occupied an especially privileged role. Their exclusive availability at El Encanto would have enhanced their aura of rarity and prestige. Customers entering the perfume salons of the store would have encountered fragrances presented with the sophistication associated with French luxury houses of the interwar period — crystal flacons, refined packaging, and carefully orchestrated displays designed to evoke Parisian chic. In Havana’s humid tropical climate, French perfume carried an almost mythical status, representing cosmopolitan refinement and continental elegance. El Encanto’s connection to Paris allowed Cuban consumers direct access to European luxury culture without leaving the island.
By the 1940s, El Encanto had become far more than a department store; it was a social institution and architectural landmark in Havana. The building embodied the optimism and prosperity of the era, with expansive sales floors, modern merchandising techniques, and luxurious departments devoted to fashion, beauty, and fragrance. Solis Le Clairac perfumes continued to be sold there through at least 1946, reinforcing the enduring connection between the Parisian perfume house and the Havana retail empire that showcased it.
The story of El Encanto came to a tragic end on April 13, 1961, when the store was destroyed in a devastating fire caused by the explosion of incendiary bombs placed during political unrest in post-Revolutionary Cuba. The blaze reduced one of Havana’s most iconic commercial institutions to ashes. For many Cubans, the destruction of El Encanto symbolized the disappearance of an entire world — the cosmopolitan Havana of elegant shop windows, imported French perfumes, couture fashions, and sophisticated urban life. Along with the building itself vanished decades of retail history and the memory of the exclusive French luxury culture it had fostered, including the perfumes of Solis Le Clairac that once linked Paris and Havana in a singular expression of glamour and refinement.
The perfumes of Le Clairac:
1932 For Ever
1934 Forbidden Love
1934 Kismaju
1934 Nuit Espagnole (Spanish Night, Noche Espagnola)
1935 Le No. 5
1935 C'est Pour Vous
1935 Jasmin
1940 Le Clairac No. 85
For Ever:
Introduced in 1932, For Ever by Solis Le Clairac embodied the dramatic modernism and refined decorative sensibilities that defined luxury perfume presentation during the early 1930s. The perfume was housed in a striking cube-shaped bottle fashioned from opaque jade-green glass, a color especially fashionable during the Art Deco period for its exotic, polished, and architectural appearance. The glass possessed a softly luminous quality, its muted green tone evoking carved jade or lacquered hardstone objects popular in contemporary French decorative arts. Compact yet visually bold, the flacon measured approximately 2 5/8 inches tall, giving it the appearance of a small jewel-like object intended as much for display as for practical use.
The stopper provided one of the bottle’s most distinctive features. Shaped as a smooth green sphere of slightly darker opaque jade glass, it introduced a sculptural contrast against the sharply geometric cube below. Hidden within this rounded exterior was an inner black glass stopper, creating a sophisticated interplay between concealed functionality and decorative elegance. Across the stopper appeared the perfume’s name, “FOR EVER,” rendered in black enamel lettering. The use of black against the cool green surface reinforced the bottle’s stark Art Deco palette and gave the design a modern, graphic quality characteristic of luxury French packaging of the period.
The bottle design was evidently successful enough that Solis Le Clairac reused it for another fragrance, Madness, suggesting the form had become associated with the house’s visual identity during the early 1930s. Such reuse was not uncommon among French perfume houses of the era, especially when a particular flacon shape proved fashionable or expensive to manufacture. In this case, the design’s combination of geometric severity and rich opaque coloration perfectly reflected the streamlined elegance popular between the late 1920s and early 1930s.
Some presentations of For Ever were accompanied by a complementary perfume atomizer, adding an additional layer of luxury to the ensemble. This atomizer took the form of a narrow cylindrical tube of clear glass fitted with chrome-plated hardware, creating a deliberate contrast with the opaque jade cube bottle. The sleek metallic fittings and transparent body reflected the machine-age influences then sweeping through decorative design, while also harmonizing beautifully with the black and green tones of the main flacon. Together, the bottle and atomizer formed an elegant dressing-table set that balanced modern industrial chic with the sensual glamour expected of Parisian perfume presentation.
The overall aesthetic of For Ever captures the transitional mood of early 1930s perfumery — where the ornate romanticism of earlier decades gave way to cleaner geometry, exotic materials, and bold contrasts inspired by Art Deco architecture, lacquerwork, and modern design. Even in its small scale, the jade-green cube bottle projected sophistication, exclusivity, and avant-garde taste, making it not merely a container for fragrance, but an object of fashionable modern art.
Kismaju:
Launched in 1934, Kismaju by Solis Le Clairac was one of the house’s most evocative and exotically named fragrances, drawing inspiration from the port city of Kismayo in southern Somalia. During the interwar years, perfume houses frequently borrowed names associated with distant ports, colonies, and imagined Eastern landscapes to conjure mystery, sophistication, and adventure. In the case of Kismaju, the name suggested spice routes, tropical nights, and the romance of foreign travel, perfectly aligning with the fascination for Orientalism that permeated 1930s fashion, interior design, and perfumery. Yet despite its exotic associations, the fragrance itself was described as “Oriental without being pungent, persistent without being cloying,” indicating a composition designed to be refined and elegant rather than overwhelmingly heavy. This phrasing suggests a carefully balanced oriental perfume — likely warm, softly resinous, and sensual, yet airy enough to suit the modern, cosmopolitan woman of the mid-1930s.
The presentation of Kismaju was especially striking and reflected the height of Art Deco design influence in perfume packaging. The bottle, manufactured in Czech crystal, was produced in both clear crystal and a luminous yellow crystal version. Its dramatic stepped silhouette closely resembled the ascending setbacks of the Empire State Building, the iconic New York skyscraper completed only a few years earlier in 1931. This architectural influence placed the bottle firmly within the modernist aesthetic of the period, where skyscrapers, streamlined geometry, and machine-age forms became symbols of glamour and progress. Rising vertically in elegant stages, the flacon conveyed both sophistication and monumentality despite its delicate proportions.
The stopper echoed the bottle’s elongated geometric lines, forming a slender matching cap fitted internally with a clear glass dauber, also known as a touche orielle. This style of stopper allowed the perfume to be applied directly to the skin in the traditional manner associated with fine parfum presentations before widespread atomizer use became dominant. Both the bottle and stopper were decorated with black enameled stripes that emphasized the vertical architecture of the design. These linear black accents enhanced the skyscraper effect while creating a bold visual contrast against the transparent crystal or warm yellow glass. The stopper itself was intaglio molded with the name “Le Clairac,” a discreet yet luxurious signature detail that reinforced the exclusivity of the presentation. Standing approximately 6 3/8 inches tall, the bottle possessed an unusually elegant and elongated presence on a dressing table.
Contemporary advertising and editorial commentary reveal how successfully Kismaju was positioned as both an exotic luxury and a sophisticated modern perfume. Harper’s Bazaar in 1935 praised Havana’s famed El Encanto department store, remarking that “El Encanto's perfume department is one of the best things Havana holds out to you,” before singling out Le Clairac’s Kismaju as “delicious and put up in a particularly handsome bottle.” Such commentary demonstrates that the flacon itself was considered as memorable and desirable as the fragrance it contained. During the 1930s, exceptional bottle design often played a critical role in defining a perfume’s identity, especially among elite consumers drawn to decorative objects as symbols of refinement and status.
Another 1935 Harper’s Bazaar description framed Kismaju in overtly romantic and Orientalist language: “India's fascinating spirit and eternal mystery is subtly reflected in this exquisite scent . . . most charmingly attuned to the mood of today's distinguished women.” Though the perfume was named after an African port city, the advertisement blended broader fantasies of the “Orient” common in luxury marketing of the era. The text connected the fragrance not only to exotic geography, but also to modern femininity, suggesting that the wearer was worldly, elegant, and fashionably adventurous. Consumers visiting Havana were encouraged to seek out Kismaju exclusively at El Encanto, described as “the home of precious perfumes — rare Spanish linens . . . treasures from all over the world.” This positioning elevated both the fragrance and the store into symbols of cosmopolitan luxury, where French perfumery, international sophistication, and Art Deco modernism converged in one unforgettable presentation.
Forbidden Love:
Launched in 1934, Forbidden Love by Solis Le Clairac was a perfume whose presentation perfectly captured the romantic glamour and theatrical luxury associated with elite perfumery during the mid-1930s. Sold exclusively through the celebrated El Encanto department store in Havana, the fragrance was positioned as an object of sophistication and desire, intended for a clientele drawn to rare imported luxuries and modern Parisian elegance. The very name, Forbidden Love, evoked secrecy, passion, and emotional intensity — themes that perfume advertising of the era often used to suggest seduction and unattainable romance. Combined with its lavish crystal presentation, the perfume projected an aura of exclusivity that aligned beautifully with Havana’s cosmopolitan high society during its golden age.
The bottle itself was manufactured by the renowned Czech designer and glassmaker Curt Schlevogt, whose perfume flacons became celebrated for their jewel-like brilliance and sculptural Art Deco forms. Executed in transparent pink cut crystal, the bottle possessed a delicate rosy luminosity that enhanced its romantic identity. The soft pink coloration would have glowed beautifully under dressing-table light, emphasizing the crystalline clarity and sharply cut facets characteristic of fine Bohemian glasswork. During the 1930s, Czech crystal perfume bottles represented the height of fashionable luxury, admired for their technical precision, radiant sparkle, and modern decorative sensibility.
The shape of the bottle was especially elegant and architectural. Designed in the form of a faceted urn raised upon a pedestal foot, it combined classical inspiration with the angular geometry of the Art Deco movement. The urn form carried associations of timeless beauty and ceremonial refinement, while the crisp faceting transformed the traditional silhouette into something distinctly modern. Light would have fractured dramatically across the bottle’s many surfaces, producing glittering reflections that enhanced its appearance as a precious decorative object. Measuring approximately 6 inches high and 3.25 inches wide, the flacon possessed substantial visual presence without losing its delicacy and femininity.
Crowning the bottle was a magnificent diamond-shaped faceted stopper executed in matching pink crystal. The stopper’s elongated angular form echoed the geometric precision of the bottle below while adding vertical elegance and dramatic brilliance. Its sharply cut surfaces resembled a polished gemstone, reinforcing the impression that the perfume was a treasure to be admired as much as worn. The underside of the stopper was intaglio molded with the name “Le Clairac,” a subtle signature detail that reflected the refinement expected of luxury French perfume presentations during the period.
As an exclusive offering at El Encanto in Havana, Forbidden Love occupied a particularly rarefied position within the store’s famed perfume department. El Encanto was celebrated internationally for carrying unusual and prestigious imported fragrances unavailable elsewhere in the Caribbean, and perfumes such as Forbidden Love exemplified the store’s reputation for elegance and exclusivity. The combination of French perfume artistry, Czech crystal craftsmanship, and Havana luxury retail culture created an object that embodied the international glamour of the pre-war era. Today, surviving examples of the bottle remain highly prized not only for their rarity, but also for the remarkable beauty of their design — a perfect union of romance, Art Deco sophistication, and exquisite Bohemian crystal artistry.
Nuit Espagnole:
Launched in 1934, Nuit Espagnole by Solis Le Clairac was a romantic gardenia perfume that embodied the fascination with exoticism, moonlit sensuality, and Mediterranean fantasy so popular during the interwar years. Its name — “Spanish Night” — immediately conjured visions of warm evening air, shadowed courtyards, guitar music drifting through open balconies, and the intoxicating fragrance of white flowers blooming after sunset. Although presented through the lens of romanticized Spain, the perfume was sold exclusively through Havana’s famed El Encanto department store, where tropical atmosphere and cosmopolitan glamour further intensified its mystique. The fragrance was carefully marketed not merely as a perfume, but as an emotional experience — one associated with elegance, seduction, and nocturnal sophistication.
At the heart of Nuit Espagnole was gardenia, one of the most prized white floral notes of the period. Gardenia perfumes of the 1930s were admired for their creamy, velvety richness and their ability to evoke warmth, femininity, and tropical sensuality. Since true gardenia flowers yield almost no extractable essential oil, perfumers relied upon intricate accords built from jasmine materials, creamy lactones, orange blossom components, and rich floral synthetics to recreate the flower’s lush aroma. In Nuit Espagnole, the gardenia theme was likely softened into a dreamy, sultry composition intended to feel languorous rather than overpowering — a floral fragrance glowing softly like perfume warmed against bare skin on a humid evening.
The bottle presentation reflected this mood of understated exotic elegance. The flacon was designed with a graceful arched silhouette, an unusual form that departed from the strict geometric severity common in many Art Deco bottles of the early 1930s. The curve of the bottle introduced softness and fluidity, perhaps intended to echo the flowing lines of Spanish architecture, arched colonnades, or Moorish decorative forms. The stopper repeated this same arched profile, creating visual harmony between bottle and cap. Covering the stopper were hobnail projections — small rounded glass studs that added texture and richness to the design. These hobnails would have caught and reflected light beautifully, giving the stopper a jewel-like sparkle while adding tactile interest. The overall effect balanced modern elegance with romantic ornamentation, perfectly suited to a perfume inspired by moonlit fantasy and floral sensuality.
Contemporary publications reveal how successfully Nuit Espagnole captured the imagination of travelers visiting Havana. In 1934, Harper’s Bazaar remarked: “Of course, all you Americans go mad over El Encanto's perfumes: ‘Nuit Espagnole,’ Lanvin's ‘Scandal,’ and ‘My Sin.’” The comment illustrates how El Encanto’s perfume department had become an essential attraction for affluent American tourists visiting Cuba during the 1930s. To purchase Nuit Espagnole was not simply to acquire a fragrance, but to bring home a glamorous souvenir of Havana itself — a perfume associated with tropical luxury, foreign sophistication, and the excitement of travel.
A 1936 feature in Travels further amplified the perfume’s seductive mythology: “Starlit Spanish nights . . . tropical moons . . . languorous moods are suggested in this subtle perfume.” This poetic language perfectly reflects the marketing style of the era, where perfumes were sold through atmosphere, fantasy, and emotional suggestion rather than technical note descriptions. The advertisement emphasized that Nuit Espagnole was available “on this continent only at El Encanto,” reinforcing its exclusivity and desirability. Such exclusivity transformed the fragrance into a coveted luxury object — one inseparably linked to Havana’s celebrated department store and to the glamorous international culture that flourished there before the upheavals of the mid-20th century.
No. 5:
Launched during the glamorous era of Havana’s international prominence, No. 5 by Solis Le Clairac was a perfume centered around the luminous fragrance of orange blossoms, a note long associated with romance, elegance, and Mediterranean warmth. Unlike heavier orientals fashionable during the same period, orange blossom perfumes possessed a radiant freshness balanced by creamy floral sweetness, making them especially appealing in tropical climates such as Cuba’s. The scent would likely have combined the honeyed softness of orange blossom with delicate citrus nuances and perhaps subtle white floral undertones, creating a perfume that felt refined, feminine, and effortlessly chic. Contemporary descriptions referred to it as a “smart odor,” suggesting not only fashionable sophistication, but also a fragrance modern in character and suitable for the stylish cosmopolitan woman of the 1930s.
The presentation of No. 5 was exceptionally imaginative and reflected the luxurious theatricality that distinguished Solis Le Clairac perfumes sold through Havana’s celebrated El Encanto department store. The perfume itself was housed in a striking pyramidal bottle fitted with a smooth ball-shaped stopper. The geometric pyramid form gave the flacon a distinctly Art Deco appearance, evoking modern architecture and decorative design trends of the interwar years. At the same time, the simplicity of the rounded stopper softened the sharp angularity of the bottle, creating an elegant balance between structure and ornament. The unusual silhouette would have made the bottle immediately recognizable among more conventional perfume presentations of the period.
Even more remarkable was the elaborate packaging surrounding the perfume. The triangular cardstock box was ingeniously designed to open like a flower, transforming the act of unveiling the fragrance into a small ritual of luxury and surprise. This theatrical opening mechanism reflected the growing importance of presentation in high-end perfumery during the 1920s and 1930s, when perfume boxes were often conceived as decorative keepsakes rather than disposable containers. Once opened, the interior revealed a lining of ridged gold paper whose shimmering metallic surface enhanced the richness and sophistication of the presentation. The golden interior likely contrasted beautifully against the bottle’s geometric form, creating an effect reminiscent of a jewel casket or exotic treasure box.
The exterior was further embellished with green cording threaded around the package and terminating in tassels adorned with jade-green glass beads. These decorative details added both texture and exotic elegance to the presentation. The use of jade-green accents harmonized with the luxurious decorative arts trends of the period, when jade tones and tassels inspired by Asian and Oriental motifs were especially fashionable. The tactile combination of cord, tassels, glass beads, and metallic paper transformed the perfume package into an object of decorative art in its own right — an item designed to be admired and displayed on a dressing table long after the perfume had been used.
A contemporary Harper’s Bazaar mention beautifully captures the allure surrounding both the fragrance and its exclusive Havana provenance: “On your winter cruise, stopping off in Havana, you will be blessed if you bring back Le Clairac perfume from its famed store, El Encanto. ‘No. 5’ is a smart odor which any woman would love.” The wording reflects how closely the perfume had become tied to the glamour of travel and the fashionable culture of pre-war Havana. To purchase No. 5 at El Encanto was not merely to buy perfume — it was to acquire a luxurious souvenir of cosmopolitan Cuba, imbued with the romance of ocean voyages, tropical evenings, and the sophistication of one of the world’s most celebrated department stores.
C'est Pour Vous:
Launched in 1935, C’est Pour Vous by Solis Le Clairac was presented as an exciting dry oriental perfume created for the sophisticated modern woman of the mid-1930s. Its name — translating to “This Is For You” — carried an intimate and suggestive tone, implying both seduction and personal luxury. Unlike the richer, sweeter orientals popular in earlier decades, the description of the fragrance as a “dry oriental” suggests a composition shaped by restraint, elegance, and modern refinement. Such perfumes often emphasized warm woods, subtle spices, soft resins, and powdery balsamic notes rather than overt sweetness, creating an effect that felt polished, mysterious, and fashionably understated. The fragrance likely reflected the evolving tastes of the 1930s woman, who increasingly favored streamlined sophistication over the lush excesses associated with the 1920s.
The bottle design perfectly embodied this modern aesthetic and stands as an excellent example of Art Deco perfume presentation at its most refined. The perfume was housed in a square bottle of clear, colorless crystal whose clean architectural lines emphasized precision and balance. The severe geometry of the flacon reflected the influence of modernist architecture and decorative arts, where symmetry, simplicity, and sharply defined forms became synonymous with luxury and sophistication. Rather than relying upon excessive ornamentation, the beauty of the bottle derived from proportion, clarity, and the interplay between transparent crystal and stark black accents.
Its slim silhouette gave the bottle a particularly elegant and contemporary appearance, suggesting height and refinement while maintaining a sense of restrained glamour. The transparent crystal would have allowed the warm tone of the perfume itself to become part of the visual presentation, an effect frequently exploited in high-end perfumery of the era. Rising from the geometric bottle was a flat rectangular stopper executed in glossy black glass, creating a dramatic contrast against the clear crystal below. This black-and-clear color scheme became one of the defining visual signatures of sophisticated Art Deco perfume packaging during the 1930s, admired for its modern severity and timeless elegance.
The stopper’s flat rectangular form reinforced the bottle’s architectural character, resembling the sleek lines of contemporary skyscrapers, lacquer furnishings, and modern industrial design. Its glossy black surface likely caught light with mirror-like sharpness, lending the bottle an almost sculptural presence. Together, the square crystal body and black stopper formed a composition of striking visual purity — a design aesthetic that communicated exclusivity and cosmopolitan sophistication without the need for elaborate decoration.
As with many Solis Le Clairac perfumes sold through Havana’s celebrated El Encanto department store, C’est Pour Vous would have appealed to an international clientele fascinated by French luxury and modern design. The perfume’s streamlined presentation reflected the glamour of the interwar period, when elegance increasingly became associated with simplicity, geometry, and precision. In its severe crystal lines and restrained oriental character, C’est Pour Vous captured the spirit of 1930s chic — sophisticated, enigmatic, and impeccably modern.
Toujours et Toi:
Jasmin:
The bottle created for Jasmin by Solis Le Clairac was a remarkably elegant example of early 20th-century French perfume design, combining delicate decorative detail with the refined artistry associated with the celebrated designer Julien Viard. Executed in clear ribbed glass, the flacon took the form of a softly rounded melon shape, its curved body divided into vertical lobes that created a rich interplay of light and shadow across the surface. The ribbing lent the bottle both texture and sculptural depth, while the rounded silhouette conveyed softness and femininity appropriate to a jasmine-centered fragrance. Compact in scale — measuring approximately 2.25 inches tall and 2.35 inches in diameter — the bottle nevertheless possessed a jewel-like presence characteristic of luxury French parfumery during the 1920s and 1930s.
The stopper provided one of the bottle’s most distinctive decorative accents. Fashioned from jadeite-green glass, it was shaped as a flat circular disk whose smooth simplicity contrasted beautifully against the ribbed contours of the bottle below. The cool green tone introduced a subtle but sophisticated color contrast, reflecting the popularity of jade and jade-inspired decorative objects during the Art Deco period. Jadeite glass in particular carried associations of luxury, exoticism, and modern decorative taste, making it a fashionable material for perfume presentations intended to appeal to elite consumers.
Additional jadeite-green glass beads were suspended from pale green baudruchage cording tied around the neck of the bottle. This detail introduced movement, texture, and ornamental richness to the presentation. Baudruchage — the fine decorative sealing technique involving cords, tassels, and often delicate wrappings around perfume bottle necks — was widely associated with artisanal luxury in French perfumery. Here, the pale green cording and dangling jadeite beads softened the bottle’s formal symmetry and added a graceful decorative flourish that enhanced its feminine charm. The beads themselves likely caught and reflected light delicately as the bottle was handled, giving the presentation an almost jewelry-like refinement.
The design’s significance is further enhanced by its attribution to Julien Viard, one of the most influential perfume bottle designers of the early twentieth century. Viard was celebrated for creating elegant and highly distinctive flacons for many important perfume houses, and the Jasmin bottle reflects his talent for balancing sculptural beauty with restrained sophistication. The same bottle design was also produced in opaque black glass as well as clear glass for Qui m’aime?, the 1923 perfume created for Best & Co., demonstrating the versatility and enduring appeal of the form. Such reuse of successful bottle designs was common among luxury perfume manufacturers, particularly when a flacon achieved both aesthetic distinction and commercial success.
The perfume was housed in the same luxurious golden triangular presentation box used for Le Clairac’s No. 5 perfume, further linking the fragrance to the house’s signature style of theatrical packaging. The triangular box opened like a flower and featured a richly gilded interior, transforming the act of unveiling the perfume into an experience of ceremony and elegance. The combination of the sculptural melon-shaped bottle, jadeite accents, decorative cording, and elaborate presentation box created a complete luxury object that perfectly reflected the glamour and artistry of interwar French perfumery.
Today, the Jasmin bottle is recognized not only as a rare perfume presentation, but also as an important example of decorative glass design from the Art Deco era. Its inclusion in Christie Mayer Lefkowith’s Masterpieces of the Perfume Industry underscores its significance within the history of perfume packaging, where it stands as a beautiful synthesis of French craftsmanship, Viard’s artistic vision, and the luxurious aesthetic cultivated by Solis Le Clairac and Havana’s famed El Encanto store.














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